Noteworthy Notes!

To my eyes, these notes are noteworthy indeed, so, they are logically named Noteworthy Notes!

These notes come originally from the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 7th Edition. Almost all of them are direct translations, yet a few examples are added with the intention of making the learners understand more clearly. And also the original notes in the Oxford Dictionary are taken so that the advanced learners may learn the originals only.

With Metta,
A Shin Manita





Which Word?
Above / Over

~ Above and over can both be used to describe a position higher than something:
Eg. They built a new room above / over the garage.


~ When you are talking about movement from one side of something to the other, you can only use over:
Eg. They jumped over the stream.


~ Over can also mean ‘covering’:
Eg. He put a blanket over the sleeping child.


~ Above and over can also mean ‘more than’.


~ Above is used in relation to a minimum level or a fixed point:
Eg. 2000 feet above sea level.
Temperatures will not rise above zero tonight.


~ Over is used with numbers, ages, money and time:
Eg. He’s over 50.
It costs over £100.
We waited over 2 hours.




ဘယ္ေနရာမွာ ဘယ္စကားလုံးကုိ ဘယ္လုိသုံးမလဲ


Above / Over


~ Above and over can both be used to describe a position higher than something: Above ႏွင္႔ over- ႏွစ္မ်ဳိးလုံးကုိ ပုိျမင္႔တဲ႔ အေနထားတစ္ခုကုိ ေဖာ္ျပဖုိ႔ သုံးႏုိင္ပါတယ္။
Eg. They built a new room above / over the garage. သူတုိ႔ ကားဂိုေဒါင္ေပၚမွာ အခန္းသစ္တစ္ခု ေဆာက္လုိက္တယ္။


~ When you are talking about movement from one side of something to the other, you can only use over: တစ္ဘက္မွ အျခားတစ္ဘက္သုိ႔ ျဖတ္ကူးတဲ႔ လႈပ္ရွားမႈကုိ ေျပာတဲ႔အခါမွာေတာ႔ Over - ကုိသာ သုံးႏုိင္ပါတယ္။
Eg. They jumped over the stream. သူတို႔ စမ္းေခ်ာင္းကုိ ခုန္ကူးသြားၾကတယ္။


~ Over can also mean ‘covering’: Over - ဟာ လႊမ္းၿခဳံျခင္း အဓိပၸာယ္လည္း သက္ေရာက္ႏုိင္ပါတယ္။
Eg. He put a blanket over the sleeping child. အိပ္ေနတဲ႔ ကေလးအေပၚမွာ သူေစာင္တစ္ထည္ ၿခဳံေပးလုိက္တယ္။


~ Above and over can also mean ‘more than’. Above ႏွင္႔ Over- တုိ႔ဟာ …ထက္ပုိ(ေက်ာ္)တဲ႔ အဓိပၸာယ္လည္း သက္ေရာက္ႏုိင္ပါတယ္။


~ Above is used in relation to a minimum level or a fixed point: အနိမ္႔ဆုံးအဆင္႔ (သို႔) မူေသသတ္မွတ္ခ်က္တစ္ခုနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္တဲ႔ေနရာမွာ Above- ကုိ သုံးတယ္။
Eg. 2000 feet above sea level= ပင္လယ္ေရမ်က္ႏွာျပင္ထက္ အျမင္႔ေပ ၂၀၀၀-(မွာ)
-Temperatures will not rise above zero tonight. ဒီညေတာ႔ အပူခ်ိန္(ေတြ)ဟာ သုညအထက္ တက္လာမွာမဟုတ္ဘူး။


~ Over is used with numbers, ages, money and time: ဂဏန္းသခ်ၤာ၊ အသက္၊ ေငြေၾကး၊ အခ်ိန္ေတြနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္လွ်င္ Over- ကုိသုံးတယ္။
Eg. He’s over 50. သူ အသက္ ငါးဆယ္ေက်ာ္ၿပီ။
-It costs over £100. ဒါ စတာလင္ေပါင္ ၁၀၀- ေက်ာ္က်တယ္။
-We waited over 2 hours. တုိ႔ ၂- နာရီေက်ာ္ေက်ာ္ ေစာင္႔ခဲ႔တယ္။




Synonyms

Action

Move / Act / Gesture / Deed / Feat
~ These are all words for a thing that sb does.

~ Action a thing that sb does:
Eg. Her quick action saved the child's life.


~ Move (used especially in journalism) an action that you do or need to do to achieve sth:
Eg. They are waiting for the results of the opinion polls before deciding their next move.


~ Act a thing that sb does:
Eg. An act of kindness



Action or Act?
~ These two words have the same meaning but are used in different patterns.


~ An act is usually followed by of and/or used with an adjective.


~ Action is not usually used with of but is often used with his, her, etc.:
Eg. A heroic act of bravery (Not,a heroic action of bravery)
-His heroic actions / acts during the war


~ Action often combines with take but act does not: (Not, We shall take whatever acts are necessary.)


~ Gesture a thing that you do or say to show a particular feeling or intention:
Eg. They sent some flowers as a gesture of sympathy.


~ Deed (formal literary) a thing that sb does that is usually very good or very bad:
Eg. Heroic / evil deeds


~ Feat (approving) an action or piece of work that needs skill, strength or courage:
Eg. The tunnel is a brilliant feat of engineering.


~ A(n) act / gesture / feat of sth



~ To perform a(n) action / act / deed / feat


~ To make a move / gesture


~ A heroic / brave / daring action / move / act / gesture / deed / feat


~ A kind / charitable / generous action / act / gesture / deed


~ A(n) evil / terrible action / act / deed




စကားပရိယာယ္မ်ား

Action


Move / Act / Gesture / Deed / Feat
~ These are all words for a thing that sb does.
ဒါေတြအားလုံးဟာ တစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္ရဲ႕ လႈပ္ရွားလုပ္ေဆာင္မႈတစ္ခုခုကုိ ေဖာ္ညႊန္းတဲ႔ ေဝါဟာရေတြျဖစ္ပါတယ္။


~ Action a thing that sb does: Action- ဆုိတာ တစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္ရဲ႕ အျပဳအမူ၊ လုပ္ေဆာင္မႈတစ္ခုျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
Eg. Her quick action saved the child's life. ဒီကေလးရဲ႕ အသက္ကုိ သူမရဲ႕ သြက္လက္တဲ႔ လႈပ္ရွားမႈက ကယ္လုိက္တာပါ။


~ Move (used especially in journalism) an action that you do or need to do to achieve sth: Move (အထူးသျဖင္႔ သတင္းစာ၊ စာနယ္ဇင္းတုိ႔တြင္ သုံး)- ဆုိတာ လုပ္ရေသာ (သို႔) ေအာင္ျမင္မႈတစ္ခုခုရရန္ လုပ္ဖုိ႔လုိအပ္ေသာ အလုပ္တစ္ခု ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
Eg. They are waiting for the results of the opinion polls before deciding their next move. သူတုိ႔ရဲ႕ ေနာက္လႈပ္ရွားလုပ္ေဆာင္မႈတစ္ခုကုိ မဆုံးျဖတ္ခင္ သူတုိ႔ဟာ လူထုသေဘာထား စစ္တမ္းနမူနာေကာက္ယူမႈ ရလဒ္ေတြကုိ ေစာင္႔ေနၾကတယ္။


~ Act a thing that sb does: Act- ဆုိတာ တစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္ရဲ႕ အျပဳအမူ၊လုပ္ေဆာင္မႈတစ္ခုျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
-An act of kindness = ၾကင္နာတဲ႔အျပဳအမူတစ္ခု


Action or Act?
~ These two words have the same meaning but are used in different patterns. ဒီေဝါဟာရႏွစ္ခုက အဓိပၸာယ္တူပါတယ္၊ ဒါေပမဲ႔ သုံးတဲ႔ပုံစံမွာေတာ႔ ကြဲတယ္။


~ An act is usually followed by of and/or used with an adjective. Act- ရဲ႕ေနာက္က Of- လုိက္ေလ႔ရိွပါတယ္ (သို႔) သူကုိ Adj- နဲ႔တြဲ႔သုံးေလ႔ရိွပါတယ္။
-An act of kindness / [an act of sheer obstinacy / an act of genuine humility
/a gracious act of God
- A magic act / a callous act / an immoral act]


~ Action is not usually used with of but is often used with his, her, etc.: မ်ားေသာအားျဖင္႔ Action- ကုိ Of- နဲ႔သုံးေလ႔မရွိပါ၊ ဒါေပမဲ႔ His, Her စတဲ႔ နာမ္စား ေတြနဲ႔ေတာ႔ မၾကာခဏ သုံးတတ္ပါတယ္။
Eg. A heroic act of bravery = ရဲရင္႔ သူရဲေကာင္းဆန္တဲ႔ လုပ္ရပ္
(A heroic action of bravery-လုိ႔မေရးရ)
-His heroic actions / acts during the war= စစ္အတြင္းက သူ႔ရဲ႕ သူရဲေကာင္းဆန္(ရဲရင္႔)တဲ႔ လုပ္ရပ္မ်ား


~ Action often combines with take but act does not: Action- က Take- နဲ႔တြဲ႔ေလ႔ရွိတယ္၊ ဒါေပမဲ႔ Act- ကေတာ႔ တြဲ႔ေလ႔မရွိဘူး။
(We shall take whatever acts are necessary- လုိ႔ေရးေလ႔မရွိပါ။)


~ Gesture a thing that you do or say to show a particular feeling or intention: Gesture- ဆုိတာ ေျပာတဲ႔ (သို႔) ထူးျခားတဲ႔ ခံစားခ်က္(သုိ႔) ရည္ရြယ္ခ်က္တစ္ခုကုိ ေဖာ္ထုတ္ေျပာဆုိတဲ႔ လုပ္ရပ္တစ္ခု ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
Eg. They sent some flowers as a gesture of sympathy. သူတုိ႔ဟာ ထပ္တူဝမ္းနည္းေၾကကြဲေၾကာင္းေဖာ္ျပတဲ႔အေနနဲ႔ ပန္း(စည္း)မ်ား ေပးပုိ႔ၾကတယ္။


~ Deed (formal literary) a thing that sb does that is usually very good or very bad: Deed (စာေပ အခန္႔သုံး)- ဆုိတာ တစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္ရဲ႕ အလြန္ေကာင္း (သုိ႔)အလြန္ဆုိးတယ္လုိ႔ ေယဘုယ်ဆုိႏိုင္တဲ႔ လုပ္ရပ္တစ္ခု ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
Eg. Heroic / evil deeds = အလြန္ရဲရင္႔ / အလြန္ယုတ္မာဆုိးဝါးတဲ႔ လုပ္ရပ္မ်ား


~ Feat (approving) an action or piece of work that needs skill, strength or courage: Feat(ႏွစ္သက္သေဘာက်မႈျပ)-ဆုိတာ ကၽြမ္းက်င္မႈ၊ အင္အား (သို႔) သတၱိတုိ႔လုိအပ္တဲ႔ အလုပ္(လုပ္ရပ္)တစ္ခု ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
Eg. The tunnel is a brilliant feat of engineering. ဒီဥမင္ လုိဏ္ေခါင္းကေတာ႔ တကယ္ထူးျခားေျပာင္ေျမာက္တဲ႔ အင္ဂ်င္နီယာ လက္ရာပါပဲ။


~ A(n) act / gesture / feat of sth
Eg. An act of kindness / a gesture of defiance, a gesture of goodwill /
a remarkable feat of strength


~ To perform a(n) action / act / deed / feat = အလုပ္၊ စြမ္းေဆာင္ခ်က္တစ္ခုခုကုိ လုပ္သည္။


~ To make a move / gesture =တစ္ခုခု လႈပ္ရွားေဆာင္ရြက္သည္/ လက္ဟန္ေျခဟန္ျပသည္။


~ A heroic / brave / daring action / move / act / gesture / deed / feat= သူရဲေကာင္းဆန္ / ရဲစြမ္းသတၱိရွိ၊ ရဲဝံ႔စြန္႔စားေသာ လုပ္ရပ္၊ စြမ္းေဆာင္ခ်က္တစ္ခု


~ A kind / charitable / generous action / act / gesture / deed= ၾကင္နာ၊ ရက္ေရာ၊ သေဘာထားႀကီးေသာ အျပဳအမူ၊ လုပ္ရပ္တစ္ခု


~ A(n) evil / terrible action / act / deed= အလြန္ဆုိးဝါးယုတ္မာ၊ ေၾကာက္မက္ဖြယ္ေကာင္းေသာ အျပဳအမူ၊ လုပ္ရပ္တစ္ခု