Kandyan Perahera

The annually-held Perahera is about to be nightly celebrated at the Tooth Relic Temple in Kandy from 15th to 24th this month. I would like to recommend you to come and see it on two final nights if you are of great interest in.

Dear Friends, the following is a short composition of my own expressing my deep feeling on Kandyan Perahera. Why don’t you read it and feel it right now? Hopefully indeed, you might get something new from reading it!

With Best Regards
A Shin Manita





Kandyan Perahera




“Perahera” is a parade in honor of the Buddha’s tooth relic and also one of the three grandest religious festivals of Sri Lanka. It is popularly known as one of the most colorful religious pageants in Asia, too. In reality, it is the most beautiful and spectacular religious one I have ever seen.



In this festival, about one hundred jewel-encrusted elephants and all the traditional forms of music, dance and arts of Sri Lanka can be stunningly seen and startlingly enjoyed at the same time and place. And the tooth temple and compound beautifully and artistically decorated with neon lights at night looks rather like a heavenly abode. Beyond wonder! Beyond compare! Beyond belief!




In fact, the tooth relic of the Buddha is truly worthy of such highest honor and veneration. According to Buddhist history, there were four tooth relics of the Buddha remaining after his demise. Among these four, one is this very tooth relic in Kandy, and the other three ¬--- one in China, one in Tarwatimthar Deva world and one in Naga land. Because of the belief that this is the authentic tooth relic of the Buddha, Sri Lankan Buddhists treasure and venerate it so much as their life. In the same way, the other one that Sri Lankan Buddhists do so is Sri Maha Bodhi in Anuradhapura now, which was taken from the original Bodhi Tree in Bodhagaya, India, under which the Buddha attained enlightenment.

In eyes of the Buddhists from the other countries, by nature Sri Lankan Buddhists are really and truly fortunate!






ကႏၵီၿမိဳ႕မွ စြယ္ေတာ္ပူေဇာ္ပြဲ


“ေပရာေဟရ” ဆုိသည္မွာ ဗုဒၶရွင္ေတာ္ျမတ္ရဲ႕ စြယ္ေတာ္ဓာတ္ကုိ ပူေဇာ္တဲ႔အေနျဖင္႔ က်င္းပတဲ႔ စီတန္းလွည္႔လည္ပြဲတစ္ခုျဖစ္ၿပီး သီရိလကၤာႏုိင္ငံရဲ႕ အႀကီးက်ယ္အခမ္းနားဆုံး ဘာသာေရးပြဲသုံးခုထဲမွာ တစ္ခုအပါအဝင္လည္းျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဒီပြဲေတာ္ဟာ အာရွရဲ႕ စိတ္ဝင္စားဖြယ္အေကာင္းဆုံး ဘာသာေရးဆုိင္ရာ အလွျပစီတန္းလွည္႔လည္ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖပြဲေတြထဲမွာ တစ္ခုအေနနဲ႔လည္း ထင္ရွားေက်ာ္ၾကားပါတယ္။ အမွန္အတုိင္းေျပာရရင္ ကၽြႏု္ပ္ေတြ႔ဖူးသမွ် ဘာသာေရးပြဲေတြထဲမွာ အလွပဆုံးႏွင္႔ ရင္သပ္ရႈေမာဖြယ္ရာအေကာင္းဆုံး ပြဲေတာ္တစ္ခုပါ။

ဒီပြဲေတာ္တြင္ ရတနာေတြနဲ႔ အလွဆင္ထားတဲ႔ ဆင္အေကာင္တစ္ရာခန္႔ႏွင္႔ သီရိလကၤာႏုိင္ငံရဲ႕ ေတးဂီတႏွင္႔ အကပေဒသာမ်ဳိးစုံအျပင္ အႏုပညာပုံစံအမ်ဳိးမ်ဳိးကုိလည္း ရင္သပ္ရႈေမာဖြယ္ရာ တစ္ခ်ိန္တည္း တစ္ေနရာတည္းမွာ ရႈျမင္ခံစားႏုိင္ပါတယ္။ ၿပီးေတာ႔ ညအခ်ိန္မွာ ေရာင္စုံမီးေတြနဲ႔ လွလွပပ အႏုပညာလက္ရာေျမာက္စြာ အလွဆင္ထားတဲ႔ စြယ္ေတာ္တုိက္ႏွင္႔ ပရဝုဏ္ၿခံဝင္းဟာလည္း နတ္ဘုံနတ္နန္းအလား ထင္မွားေလာက္စရာပါပဲ။ တကယ္႔ကုိ အံံ႔ၾသလုိ႔မကုန္ႏုိင္စရာပါ! တကယ္႔ကုိ ႏႈိင္းယွဥ္စရာ မရွိပါ! တကယ္႔ကုိ မယုံၾကည္ႏုိင္စရာပါ!


အမွန္အားလည္း ျမတ္ဗုဒၶရဲ႕ စြယ္ေတာ္ဓာတ္ဟာ ဒီလုိ ဂုဏ္ျပဳပူေဇာ္မႈ၊ အေလးအျမတ္ျပဳမႈေတြနဲ႔ တကယ္႔ကုိ ထုိက္တန္ပါတယ္။ ဗုဒၶဘာသာသမိုင္းအလုိအရေျပာရရင္ ျမတ္ဗုဒၶပရိနိဗၺာန္စံဝင္ေတာ္မူၿပီးေနာက္ စြယ္ေတာ္ဓာတ္ ေလးဆူႂကြင္းက်န္ေတာ္မူခဲ႔ပါတယ္။ အဲဒီေလးဆူထဲမွာ တစ္ဆူေသာစြယ္ေတာ္ဟာ ကႏၵီၿမိဳ႕မွ ဤစြယ္ေတာ္ဓာတ္ျဖစ္ၿပီး၊ အျခားသုံးဆူကေတာ႔ တရုတ္ျပည္မွာ တစ္ဆူ၊ တာဝတိႎသာနတ္ျပည္မွာ တစ္ဆူနဲ႔ နဂါးျပည္မွာ တစ္ဆူတုိ႔ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဒီစြယ္ေတာ္ျမတ္ဟာ ဗုဒၶဘုရားရွင္ရဲ႕ စြယ္ေတာ္ဓာတ္အစစ္ျဖစ္တယ္ဆုိတဲ႔ ယံုၾကည္ခ်က္ေၾကာင္႔ သီရိလကၤာဗုဒၶဘာသာဝင္ေတြဟာ စြယ္ေတာ္ျမတ္ကုိ သူတုိ႔ရဲ႕ အသက္နဲ႔ထပ္တူ တန္ဖုိးထား ရုိေသေလးစားၾကပါတယ္။ ထုိနည္းတူစြာ သီရိလကၤာဗုဒၶဘာသာဝင္ေတြ ဒီလုိအသက္နဲ႔ထပ္တူ ရုိေသေလးစားတန္ဖိုးထားၾကတဲ႔ အျခားအရာတစ္ခုကေတာ႔ အိႏၵိယႏုိင္ငံ ဗုဒၶဂယာရွိ ျမတ္ဗုဒၶဘုရားရွင္ သဗၺညဳတေရႊညဏ္ေတာ္ကုိ ရေတာ္မူခဲ႔တဲ႔ မူရင္းေဗာဓိပင္မွ ပင္႔ေဆာင္ခဲ႔ေသာ ယခု အႏုရာဓပူရၿမိဳ႕ေတာ္ရွိ သီရိမဟာေဗာဓိပင္ ပဲျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

အျခားႏုိင္ငံမွ ဗုဒၶဘာသာဝင္ေတြရဲ႕ အျမင္အာရုံမွာေတာ႔ သီရိလကၤာဗုဒၶဘာသာဝင္ေတြဟာ သဘာဝအရပင္ တကယ္ ကံထူူးၾကသူေတြေပါ႔။




Explanations ---


@-- parade = [C] a public celebration of a special day or event, usually with bands in the streets and decorated vehicles = စီတန္းလွည္႔လည္ပြဲ

- In honor (honour-British) of the Buddha’s tooth relic =
In honor of sb/sth = in order to show respect and admiration for sb/sth = ေလးစားဂုဏ္ျပဳပူေဇာ္တဲ႔အေနနဲ႔
- Grand, grander, grandest = ႀကီးက်ယ္ခမ္းနား/ ပုိ၍ ႀကီးက်ယ္ခမ္းနားေသာ/ အႀကီးက်ယ္အခမ္းနားဆုံး

- Colorful (colourful-British) = interesting or exciting; full of variety, sometimes in a way that is slightly shocking = စိတ္ဝင္စားဖြယ္ (သုိ႔) စိတ္လႈပ္ရွားဖြယ္ေကာင္းေသာ

- Pageant = အလွျပစီတန္းလွည္႔လည္ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖျခင္း/ ပြဲ

- In reality = အမွန္အားျဖင္႔

- Spectacular = very impressive/ breathtaking = ရင္သပ္ရႈေမာဖြယ္ေကာင္းေသာ

- (That) I have ever seen (Adj Clause) = ကၽြႏု္ပ္ေတြ႔ဖူးသမွ်ေသာ (ပြဲေတာ္ေတြထဲမွာ)။ ဤဝါက်တြင္ that - ကုိ ျမုဳပ္ထားသည္။ အျပည္႔အစုံဆုိရင္ It is the most beautiful and spectacular religious one that I have ever seen. - လုိ႔ေရးရမည္။

@--Jewel-encrusted = ရတနာ(တုိ႔)ျဖင္႔ တန္ဆာဆင္ထားေသာ

Encrusted (with sth) = ဖုံးထား၊ အုပ္ထားေသာ

- stunningly (adv)= stunning(adj) = extremely attractive or impressive = ရင္သပ္ရႈေမာဖြယ္ေကာင္းေသာ

- Startlingly (adv)= startling (adj) = extremely unusual and surprising = အလြန္႔အလြန္ ထူးျခား၍ အ႔ံၾသဖြယ္၊ ရင္သပ္ရႈေမာဖြယ္ေကာင္းေသာ

- At the same time and place = တစ္ခ်ိန္တည္း တစ္ေနရာတည္းမွာ

- The tooth temple and compound beautifully and artistically decorated with neon lights at night looks rather like a heavenly abode =
(1) The tooth temple and compound looks rather like a heavenly abode.
(2) It is beautifully and artistically decorated with neon lights at night.
(Non-defining Adj Clause) The tooth temple and compound, which is beautifully and artistically decorated with neon lights at night, looks rather like a heavenly abode.
(Past Participle Adj Phrase) The tooth temple and compound beautifully and artistically decorated with neon lights at night looks rather like a heavenly abode.

- Neon lights = ေရာင္စုံမီးမ်ား
- Look like = တူသည္
- Rather = အေတာ္ေလး
- Heavenly abode = နတ္ဘုံ၊ နတ္နန္း
- Beyond (Prep)= ေက်ာ္လြန္၍
- Wonder = အ႔ံၾသစရာ
- Compare = ႏုိင္းယွဥ္စရာ
- Belief = ယုံၾကည္မႈ


@-- Worthy of sb/sth = having the qualities that deserve sb/sth = ထုိက္တန္ေသာ

- According to sb/sth = …အလုိအရ၊ …ႏွင္႔အညီေျပာရရင္

- Demise = ပရိနိဗၺာန္စံဝင္ျခင္း ၊ ကြယ္လြန္အနိစၥေရာက္ျခင္း

- There were four tooth relics of the Buddha remaining after his demise=
(1) There were four tooth relics of the Buddha.
(2) They were remaining after his demise.
(Adj Clause) There were four tooth relics of the Buddha which are remaining after his demise.
(Present Participle Adj Phrase or Adj Phrase) There were four tooth relics of the Buddha remaining after his demise.

- Among = …မ်ဳိး/ ခု ထဲမွာ

- This very tooth = ထုိ၊ တစ္ခါတစ္ရံ This very+N ၊ တစ္ခါတစ္ရံ The same+N နဲ႔သုံးတတ္တယ္။ Eg. In this very article, The same book

- Because of sb/sth = ….. ေၾကာင္႔

- Authentic = real and genuine = စစ္မွန္ေသာ

- Treasure = တန္ဖုိးထားသည္။

- Venerate = အမြန္အျမတ္ထားသည္၊ ၾကည္ညဳိေလးစားသည္။

- So much = အလြန္႔အလြန္

- As their life = သူတုိ႔ရဲ႕အသက္လုိ၊ အသက္နဲ႔ထပ္တူ၊ အသက္သမွ်

- In the same way = ထုိနည္းတူ၊ ထုိ႔အတူ

- Do so = treasure and venerate so much

- The other one that Sri Lankan Buddhists do so is Sri Maha Bodhi in Anuradhapura now, which was taken from the original Bodhi Tree in Bodhagaya, India.

(1) The other one that Sri Lankan Buddhists do so is Sri Maha Bodhi in Anuradhapura now.
(2) It was taken from the original Bodhi Tree in Bodhagaya, India.
(Non-defining Adj Clause) The other one that Sri Lankan Buddhists do so is Sri Maha Bodhi in Anuradhapura now, which was taken from the original Bodhi Tree in Bodhagaya, India.

- The Bodhi tree (which) was taken from the original Bodhi Tree in Bodhagaya, India, under which the Buddha attained enlightenment.
(1) The Bodhi tree was taken from the original Bodhi Tree in Bodhagaya, India.
(2) The Buddha attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree. The Bodhi tree - ဆုိတဲ႔ Noun - ကုိ Which - နဲ႔အစားထုိးလုိက္ေတာ႔ မူရင္း Under - နဲ႔ေပါင္း၍ Under which - ျဖစ္သြားၿပီး သူ႔ဝါက်ရဲ႕ေရွ႕ဆုံးသုိ႔ ပုိ႔လုိက္တဲ႔အခါ under which the Buddha attained enlightenment - ဆုိတဲ႔ Prepositional Relative Clause - ျဖစ္လာတယ္။
(Prepositional Relative Clause or Non-defining Adj Clause)The Bodhi tree was taken from the original Bodhi Tree in Bodhagaya, India, under which the Buddha attained enlightenment.

@--In eyes of sb = …… ရဲ႕အျမင္မွာ၊ တြင္
- By Nature = သဘာဝအားျဖင္႔ ၊ သဘာဝအေလွ်ာက္
- Really and truly = တကယ္႔ကုိ
- Fortunate = Lucky = ကံထူး၊ကံေကာင္းသာ

Proverbs (စကားပုံမ်ား) (Part – 2)

11. Seeing is believing.
Used to say that sb will have to believe that sth is true when they see it, although they do not think it is true now
- ကုိယ္ေတြ႔ႀကဳံေတာ႔ ယုံတာေပါ႔ (ဒိ႒ေတြ႔မွ ယုံ)။


12. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
It is better to keep sth that you already have than to risk losing it by trying to get much more.
- လက္ထဲက ငွက္တစ္ေကာင္ဟာ ခ်ဳံထဲက ငွက္ႏွစ္ေကာင္ထက္ အဖုိးတန္ပါတယ္။


13. Blood is thicker than water.
Family relationships are stronger than any others.
- အေရးႀကီးရင္ ေသြးနီး(စည္း)တယ္။
- (Thick ),thicker, (thickest) = ထူေသာ၊ ပ်စ္ခဲေသာ ၊ ပုိ၍ထူ/ပ်စ္ေသာ၊ အထူ/ အပ်စ္ဆံုး
- Thicker than =
Comparative Adj + than = ..... ထက္ပုိ…တယ္။ Eg. He is taller than me.
I am younger than you.


14. Born with a silver spoon in your mouth (You were born with a silver spoon in your mouth.)
Having rich parents
- (မင္းက) ေငြဇြန္းကုိ ပါးစပ္ထဲကုိက္ ေမြးလာတဲ႔အေကာင္ေလ။(မင္းက ေရႊလင္ပန္းနဲ႔ အခ်င္းေဆး မင္းေမြးတဲ႕ လူကုိကြ။ မိဘေတြက က်ိက်ိတက္ ခ်မ္းသာတဲ႔ လူေတြကုိ ရည္ညႊန္းေျပာဆုိသည္။)
- Born = Be born (used only in the passive, without by)= ( Passive Voice အျဖစ္သာသုံးၿပီး by - နဲ႔လည္းတြဲေလ႔မရွိပါ)ေမြးဖြားသည္။
မွတ္ခ်က္ --- တစ္ခ်ဳိ႕က born - ကုိ ေမြးဖြားျခင္းႀကိယာ Bear - ရဲ႕ V3- လုိ႔ထင္ၾကတယ္၊ Bear - ရဲ႕ ႀကိယာပုံစံေတြက Bear(v1) bore(v2) borne(v3) bearing(v4) - တုိ႔ျဖစ္ၾကပါတယ္။ တကယ္ေတာ႔ born – ဟာ V3 - အျဖစ္နဲ႔သာသုံးတဲ႔ ထူူးျခားတဲ႔ ႀကိယာတစ္လုံးျဖစ္ပါတယ္။


15. Boys will be boys.

You should not be surprised when boys or men behave in a noisy or rough way as this is part of typical male behavior.
- ေယာက်ၤား(ေလး)ေတြဟာ ေယာက်ၤား(ေလး)ေတြပါပဲ။ (ေမ်ာက္ေတြ ေဆာ႔တာ အျပစ္မဆုိသာ။ ဆူဆူညံညံနဲ႔ ၾကမ္းၾကမ္းတမ္းတမ္း ျပဳမူတတ္တာဟာ ေယာက်ၤားေတြရဲ႕ပင္ကုိဗီဇျဖစ္လုိ႔ အဲဒီလုိအျပဳအမူမ်ဳိးေတြကို ေတြ႔ရတဲ႔အခါ တအ႔ံတၾသမျဖစ္သင္႔ပါလုိ႔ ရည္ညႊန္းလုိတဲ႔အခါမ်ဳိးမွာ သုံးပါတယ္။)


16. When the cat is away the mice will play.
People enjoy themselves more and behave with greater freedom when the person in charge of them is not there.
- ေၾကာင္မရွိ ႂကြက္ျမဴး။


17. Charity begins at home.
You should help and care for your own family, etc. before you start helping other people.
- ဒါနဟူက အိမ္ကစ။


18. Every cloud has a silver lining.
Every sad or difficult situation has a positive side.
- (ညိဳမည္းေနတဲ႔) တိမ္ေတာင္တိမ္လိပ္တုိင္းမွာ ေငြေရာင္အနားကြပ္ေလးတစ္ခုေတာ႔ ရွိၿမဲပါ။ (ဆုိးဝါးခက္ခဲတဲ႔အေျခအေနတိုင္းမွာလည္း ေကာင္းကြက္ေလးတစ္ခုေတာ႔ ရွိၿမဲပဲ။)
- Silver lining = တိမ္ေတာင္ တိမ္တုိက္ေတြမွာရွိတဲ႔ အျဖဴေရာင္ အနားသတ္


19. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
If too many people are involved in doing sth, it will not be done well.
ဆရာမ်ား သားေသ (လူမ်ား အီးမ်ားတာပဲရွိတယ္)။

- Too many =အလြန္႔အလြန္မ်ားျပားေသာ
- Cook = ထမင္းခ်က္(သူ)
- Spoil = ဖ်က္သည္ ၊ ပ်က္စီးေစသည္။
- Broth = thick soup made by boiling meat or fish and vegetables in water = ခပ္ပ်စ္ပ်စ္ ဟင္းခ်ဳိ


20. Don’t count your chickens (before they are hatched).

You should not be too confident that sth will be successful, because sth may still go wrong.
- မေပါက္ေသးခင္ ၾကက္ကေလးေတြကုိ မေရပါနဲ႔ဦး။ သမီးရမွ ေယာကၡမကြ။
- Count = ေရတြက္သည္။
- Hatch = ဥမွ သားေပါက္သည္။

Inspiring Sayings (Part - 2)

11. Let love be your motivation – the driving force behind everything you do.
သင္လုပ္သမွ်အရာအားလုံးရဲ႕ေနာက္ကြယ္မွာ ေမတၱာတရားကုိ အရင္းခံပါ။
- Motivation = အရင္းခံအေၾကာင္း
- Driving force = တြန္းအား ၊ ေမာင္းႏွင္အား


12. There is a silver lining in everything that happens and in every person too. Challenge yourself with finding it and you will start to see life in a better light.

- ျဖစ္ပ်က္ေနတဲ႔ အရာတုိင္းမွာ ေကာင္းကြက္ေလးတစ္ခုေတာ႔ ရွိစၿမဲပါ၊ လူသားတုိင္းရဲ႕ သႏၱာန္မွာလည္း ေကာင္းကြက္ေလးတစ္ခုေတာ႔ ရွိစၿမဲပဲ။ အဲဒီ ေကာင္းကြက္ေလးကုိ ရွာေဖြတတ္တဲ႔ သတၱိကုိ သင္ကုိယ္တုိင္ ေမြးယူပါ၊ ဒါဆုိရင္ ပုိမုိေကာင္းမြန္တဲ႔ အျမင္နဲ႔ ဘဝကုိ သင္ စတင္ၾကည္႔တတ္လာေတာ႔မွာပါ။
- Silver lining = တိမ္ေတာင္ တိမ္တုိက္ေတြမွာရွိတဲ႔ အျဖဴေရာင္ အနားသတ္ (အဆုိးထဲက အေကာင္းေလးတစ္ခုကို ရည္ညႊန္းေျပာဆုိရာတြင္ သုံးေလ႔ရွိပါတယ္)
- In everything that happens =
That happens (Adj Clause) = ျဖစ္ပ်က္ေနေသာ
- In a better light = ပုိမုိေကာင္းမြန္တဲ႔ အျမင္နဲ႔


13. Appreciation is a wonderful thing; it makes what is excellent in others belong to us as well.
- (အျခားသူေတြရဲ႕ ေကာင္းကြက္ေတြကို) အသိအမွတ္ျပဳ တန္ဖုိးထားတတ္ျခင္းဟာ တကယ္ေကာင္းမြန္တဲ႔ အရာတစ္ခုျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဒီလုိလုပ္ေဆာင္ျခင္းက အျခားသူေတြမွာရွိတဲ႔ အေကာင္းဆုံးအရာေတြကုိ ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔သႏၱာန္မွာလည္း ပုိင္ဆုိင္ရရွိလာေစမွာျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
- It makes what is excellent in others belong to =
It makes + Obj + V1 = ..... ေစတယ္ ၊ what is excellent in others - ဟာ Noun Clause - ျဖစ္သလုိ make - ရဲ႕ Obj - လည္းျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ အျခားဥပမာတစ္ခုကုိလည္းၾကည္႔ပါ - I know what is right and wrong= ဘယ္ဟာအမွန္၊ ဘယ္ဟာအမွားဆုိတာ ကၽြန္ေတာ္သိပါတယ္။
- Belong to (us, me, you etc.) = ပုိင္ဆုိင္သည္။
- As well = too = လည္းပဲ


14. A truly great man knows that he did not become great by himself, and will share the credit with those who had a part in making him what he is.

- ႀကီးက်ယ္ျမင္႔ျမတ္မႈဆုိတာ သူတစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္တည္းေၾကာင္႔ ျဖစ္လာတာ မဟုတ္ဘူးလုိ႔ တကယ္ႀကီးက်ယ္္ျမင္႔ျမတ္တဲ႔သူက နားလည္ပါတယ္၊ နားလည္တဲ႔အေလွ်ာက္ သူရဲ႕ႀကီးက်ယ္ျမင္႔္ျမတ္မႈ ျဖစ္စဥ္တြင္ တစ္စိတ္တစ္ပိုင္း ပါဝင္ခဲ႔တဲ႔သူေတြနဲ႔ သူရရွိတဲ႔ ခ်ီးက်ဴးဂုဏ္ျပဳမႈေတြကုိ မွ်ေဝခံစားေလ႔ရွိပါတယ္။
- By himself = သူတစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္တည္းျဖင္႔ (သူကုိယ္တုိင္)
- Share / Something / With Somebody = တစ္ခုခုကို တစ္ေယာက္ေယာက္နဲ႔ မွ်ေဝခံစားသည္။ Eg. I am going to share my English knowledge with you.
- Credit = ခ်ီးက်ဴး၊ဂုဏ္ျပဳမႈ
- Those who had a part =
Who had a part (Adj Clause)= တစ္စိတ္တစ္ပိုင္း ပါဝင္ခဲ႔ေသာ
- In making him = သူကုိ ႀကီးက်ယ္ျမင္႔ျမတ္ေစတဲ႔ ျဖစ္စဥ္မွာ/တြင္
- What he is = သူ လက္ရွိျဖစ္/ရေနတဲ႔ အေျခအေနကုိ


15. Look behind you at what you have already accomplished,
…up and believe that the sky will clear,
…down to make sure you’re on the right path,
…ahead and claim victory over every obstacle.

- သင္ေအာင္ျမင္ၿပီးေျမာက္ခဲ႔တာေတြကုိ ေနာက္ျပန္လွည္႔ၾကည္႔လုိက္ပါ၊
အထက္ကုိ ေမာ႔ၾကည္႔၊ ေကာင္းကင္ႀကီး သာယာလာေတာ႔မယ္လုိ႔ ယုံၾကည္ထားလုိက္ပါ၊
သင္ဟာ လမ္းမွန္ေပၚေလွ်ာက္ေနတာဟုတ္ရဲ႕လားဆုိတာ ေသခ်ာေစဖုိ႔ ျပန္စစ္လုိက္ပါဦး၊
ေရွ႕ကုိ ေမွ်ာ္ၾကည္႔၊ အတားအဆီးမွန္သမွ်ရဲ႕အလြန္မွာ ေအာင္ျမင္မႈဆုိတာ ရွိၿမဲပါလုိ႔ ယုံၾကည္စြာ ဖြင္႔ဆုိလုိက္ပါေတာ႔။

- Look (behind) at = (ေနာက္ျပန္လွည္႔) ၾကည္႔သည္။
- Look up = ေမာ႔ၾကည္သည္။
- Look down = ငုံ႔ၾကည္႔သည္။
- Look ahead =ေရွ႕ကုိ မွန္းေမွ်ာ္ၾကည္႔သည္။
- Make sure = ေသခ်ာေစသည္။
- On the right path = လမ္းမွန္ေပၚမွာ(ေလွ်ာက္)
- Obstacle = အတားအဆီး


16. Life is a learning process and making decisions is how we learn. If we never faced any big decisions, we had never learned any big lessons.

- ဘဝဆုိတာ ေလ႔လာသင္ယူေနရတဲ႔ ျဖစ္စဥ္တစ္ခုျဖစ္ၿပီး ဆုံးျဖတ္ခ်က္ေတြခ်တယ္ဆုိတာ ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔ (ဘဝမွာ)သင္ယူေနတဲ႔ ပံုစံေပါ႔။ ဆုံးျဖတ္ခ်က္ႀကီးေတြခ်ဖုိ႔ တစ္ခါမွ မႀကံဳဖူးေသးဘူးဆုိရင္ေတာ႔ ႀကီးမားက်ယ္ျပန္႔တဲ႔ သင္ခန္းစာေတြကုိလည္း ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔ တစ္ခါမွ မသင္ယူရေသးဘူးေပါ႔။

- Make a decision( make decisions) = decide
- How we learn = ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔ သင္ယူေလ႔လာပုံ/ နည္း(ျဖစ္ပါတယ္)


17. The purpose of our existence is not to make a living, but to make a life.
- ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔ အသက္ရွင္ေနျခင္းရဲ႕ ရည္ရြယ္ခ်က္ဟာ (လုပ္ကုိင္စားေသာက္ရင္း) အသက္ရွင္ေနရုံသက္သက္မဟုတ္ဘဲ (လႈပ္ရွားတက္ႂကြ) အဓိပၸာယ္ျပည္႔ဝတဲ႔ ဘဝတစ္ခုကို ဖန္တီးတည္ေဆာက္ဖုိ႔ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
- Existence = Life = ဘဝ


18. Life is an awesome gift. Treasure, enjoy, and make the most of it by taking time for the things that really count.

- ဘဝဆုိတာ တကယ္႔ကုိ လွပေကာင္းမြန္တဲ႔ လက္ေဆာင္တစ္ခုပါ။ (ဒါေၾကာင္႔) ဘဝကုိ တန္ဖုိးထား၊ ဘဝရဲ႕အႏွစ္သာရေတြကုိ သုံးေဆာင္ခံစားၿပီး တကယ္အေရးႀကီးတဲ႔အရာေတြအတြက္ အခ်ိန္ယူၿပီးေတာ႔ ဘဝကုိ အေကာင္းဆုံး အသုံးခ်လိုက္ပါ။
- Awesome = Very good and enjoyable
- Treasure = တန္ဖုိးထားသည္။
- Enjoy = သုံးေဆာင္ခံစားသည္။
- Make the most of it = make the 'most of sth/sb / yourself=to gain as much advantage, enjoyment, etc. as you can from sb/sth= အက်ဳိးတစ္ခုခု၊ေပ်ာ္ရႊင္စရာတစ္ခုခုစသည္ကုိ မ်ားႏုိင္သမွ်မ်ားမ်ား ရေအာင္ အစြမ္းကုန္လုပ္ေဆာင္သည္။
-For the things that really count =
That really count (Adj Clause) = တကယ္အေရးႀကီး/ပါေသာ
-Count = matter = to be very important = အလြန္အေရးႀကီး/ပါသည္။


19. An act of love and kindness may not change the course of history, but if it changes the course of someone’s life, it is worth it.
- ေမတၱာအၾကင္နာနဲ႔ လုပ္လုိက္တဲ႔ အျပဳအမူေလးတစ္ခုက သမုိင္းလမ္းေၾကာင္းကုိေတာ႔ ေျပာင္းသြားေစႏုိင္မွာမဟုတ္ပါဘူး၊ ဒါေပမဲ႔ အဲဒီအျပဳအမူေလးက တစ္ဦးတစ္ေယာက္ရဲ႕ ဘဝလမ္းေၾကာင္းကုိ ေျပာင္းသြားေစမယ္ဆုိရင္ ဒါကုိ လုပ္ထုိက္ပါတယ္။
- Course = လမ္းေၾကာင္း
- Worth =..... ထုိက္ေသာ


20. All changes are difficult and sometimes costly, but if they are good changes, in the long run they pay off.
- အေျပာင္းေတြအားလုံးဟာ ခက္ခဲတတ္တာခ်ည္းပါပဲ၊ တစ္ခါတစ္ရံမွာ ႀကီးႀကီးမားမားေတာင္ ေပးဆပ္ၾကရပါတယ္၊ သုိ႔ေသာ္ ဒါေတြဟာ ေကာင္းတဲ႔ေျပာင္းလဲျခင္းေတြ ျဖစ္တယ္ဆုိရင္ ေရရွည္မွာေတာ႔ ေအာင္ျမင္သြားတာပါပဲ။
- Costly = very expensive = အလြန္ေစ်းႀကီးေသာ
- In the long run = ေရရည္မွာ
- pay off = (of a plan or an action, especially one that involves risk) to be successful and bring good results = အစီအစဥ္တစ္ခု (သုိ႔) လုပ္ငန္းတစ္ခု ေအာင္ျမင္ၿပီး အက်ဳိးအျမတ္ထြက္သည္။ Eg. Our struggle for freedom will pay off one day.

Six Basic Sentences

1. Verb
Eg. Go.
-Come.
-Read.


2. Subject + Verb
Eg.A boy(sub) stands(v).
-He(sub) called(v).
-He(sub) returned(v).


3. Subject + Verb + Complement (Noun / Adjective / Adverb / Phrase)
Eg. He(sub) is(v) a student(noun c).
-She(sub) is(v) a nurse(noun c).
-We(sub) are(v) democrats(noun c). Democrat =ဒီမုိကေရစီ/ဒီမုိကရက္တစ္ပါတီကုိ ေထာက္ခံသူ၊

Eg. He(sub) is(v) smart(adj c).
-She(sub) is(v) kind-hearted(adj c).
-They(sub) are(v) resourceful(adj c). Resourceful = ႀကံရည္ဖန္ရည္ရွိေသာ


Eg. He(sub) is(v) here(adv c).
-She(sub) is(v) over there(adv c).
-They(sub) are(v) somewhere(adv c).


Eg. He(sub) is(v) in the library(phrase c).
-She(sub) is(v) in front of the house(phrase c).
-They(sub) are(v) in good health(phrase c). In good health =healthy


4. Subject + Verb + Object
Eg. I(sub) bought(v) a book(obj).
-He(sub) sings(v) a song(obj).
-We(sub) helped(v) him(obj).


5. Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object
Eg. He(sub) gave(v) me(i o) a book(d o).
-She(sub) told(v) the students(i o) a story(d o).
-He(sub) bought(v) me(i o) a motor-bike(d o).


Subject + Verb + Direct Object + To / For Indirect Object

Eg. He(sub) gave(v) a book(d o) to me(i o).
-She(sub) told(v) a story(d o) to the students(i o).
-He(sub) bought(v) a motor-bike(d o) to/ for me(i o).

ရွင္းလင္းခ်က္ ---ေပးသူ(သုိ႔)ေျပာသူ ကတၱားက ေပးတဲ႔ (သုိ႔)ေျပာတဲ႔ အရာနဲ႔ တုိက္ရုိက္ထိေသာေၾကာင္႔ ထုိ Obj - ကုိ Direct Obj- လုိ႔ေခၚၿပီး၊ လက္ခံသူ (သုိ႔)နားေထာင္သူ Obj - ကေတာ႔ ထုိေပးတဲ႔ (သုိ႔) ေျပာတဲ႔အရာဝတၳဳမွတစ္ဆင္႔သာ ထိရေသာေၾကာင္႔ Indirect Obj - လုိ႔ေခၚပါတယ္။ ေယဘုယ်ေရးနည္းကေတာ႔ Direct Obj- ကုိ ေရွ႕ထားရင္ Indirect Obj- ကုိ To (သုိ႔) For ေရွ႕ကခံၿပီး ေရးေလ႔ရွိပါတယ္။

တခ်ဳိ႕က Indirect နဲ႔ Direct Obj - ကုိ သက္ရွိ သက္မဲ႔ အျဖစ္နဲ႔ ခြဲျခားတတ္ၾကပါတယ္၊ အမ်ားအားျဖင္႔ေတာ႔ မွန္ပါတယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ႔ တစ္ခါတစ္ရံမွာ Obj - ႏွစ္ခုလုံးက သက္မဲ႔ခ်ည္းျဖစ္ေနတတ္ပါတယ္။ ဥပမာ - Culture gives dignity to the nation. ယဥ္ေက်းမႈက ႏုိင္ငံကုိ ဂုဏ္တက္ေစပါတယ္။


6.Subject + Verb + Object + Complement

Eg. We(sub) made(v) U Mg Mg(obj) a president(noun c). ကၽြန္ေတာ္တုိ႔ ဦးေမာင္ေမာင္ကုိ ဥကၠ႒ခန္႔လုိက္ၾကတယ္။
-I(sub) named(v) him(obj) Mg Shwe Win(noun c). ကၽြန္ေတာ္ သူ႔ကုိ ေမာင္ေရႊဝင္းလို႔ အမည္ေပးလုိက္တယ္။
-I(sub) called(v) this (obj) A Program For the Better English(noun c). ကၽြန္ေတာ္ ဒီဟာကုိ အဂၤလိပ္စာ(အေရးအသား) ပုိမုိေကာင္းမြန္လာေစေရး အစီအစဥ္လုိ႔ မွည္႔ေခၚထားပါတယ္။


Eg. The sun(sub) keeps(v) us(obj) warm(adj c). ေနဟာ ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔ကုိ ေႏြးေထြးေစပါတယ္။
-It(sub) makes(v)me(obj) young(adj c). ဒါက ကၽြႏ္ုပ္ကုိ ႏုပ်ဳိေစပါတယ္။
-He(sub) found(v) his box(obj) empty(adj c). သူ သူ႔ေသတၱာ ဗလာက်င္းေနတာကုိ ေတြ႔ခဲ႔ရတယ္။


Eg. I(sub) put(v) the box(obj) here(adv c). ကၽြန္ေတာ္ ေသတၱာကုိ ဒီမွာ ထားခဲ႔တာ။
-You(sub) should not write(v) it(obj) there(adv c). ခင္မ်ား ဒါကုိ အဲဒီေနရာမွာ မေရးသင္႔ဘူး။
-You(sub) will find(v) it(obj) somewhere(adv c). ခင္မ်ား ဒါကုိ တစ္ေနရာရာမွာ ရွာေတြ႔မွာပါ။


Eg. You(sub) make(v) me(obj) at sea(phrase c). ခင္မ်ားက ကၽြန္ေတာ္ကုိ ရႈပ္ေထြးေတြေဝေစတာပဲ။
-You(sub) should keep(v) your money(obj) in a savings account(phrase c). ခင္မ်ား ေငြေတြကုိ ေငြစုဘဏ္စာရင္းနဲ႔ သိမ္းထားသင္႔တယ္။
-I(sub) want to build(v) a house(obj) in a green and quiet place(phrase c). စိမ္းလန္းၿပီး တိတ္ဆိတ္တဲ႔ ေနရာေလးတစ္ေနရာမွာ အိမ္တစ္လုံးေလာက္ ကၽြန္ေတာ္ေဆာက္ခ်င္တယ္။

Publically announced!!!

My Dear Friends,

All Blessings To You All!


Ever-Helper
English-Learning Blog!

As a matter of fact, this blog has been created with the help of a friend of mine, A Shin Kusalasami, for one month or since July 1st, exactly. Shortly afterwards, I devoted almost all my time of July to writing for my blog. As a result, now on my blog there have been about 14 posts that might be learnt by elementary or intermediate English-learners. So, dear friends, you are cordially invited to visit my blog and learn English at least once (http://ashinmanita.blogspot.com/). Perhaps, you may find it interesting or useful or boring or useless, I think, it depends on what you need or what you seek.


In truth, the driving-force to run this blog is none but my intrinsic will to share my knowledge with others, not because I am a master of English. Therefore, this blog is not really aimed at advanced learners or masters of English.


The Best or Much more is yet to come soon!!!



May All of You Wear the Crown of Success in Your English-Studies!

With Kind Regards
A Shin Manita